C

Calibration

The process by which the noise threshold of the recording environment is measured and registered in the production tool. The results of calibration are used by the software in the phrase detection settings. Applies to LpStudio/Pro and Sigtuna DAR 3.

Children

The sections into which lpStudio/Pro can export portions of a book to facilitate production of some sections of the project at different work stations, at on-site or remote locations. The "children" are the component parts of the parent project.

Clipping

In digital recording no signal exists beyond 0 dB, however, in analog recording peaks can and do exceed this point (e.g. +1dB). When the analog signal (original narration or tape transfer) exceeds 0dB, the signal peak in the digital audio reaches and stays at 0dB. If this continues for more than a short period of time ((approximately 10 samples), the result is "clipping" which results in distortion. Distortion resulting from high input levels in a digital production environment is much more noticeable and unpleasant than distortion resulting from high input levels in an analog production environment. It is essential to control digital recording levels so that the peaks do not exceed 0 dB.

Codec

Encoder/Decoder A contraction of the terms "Coder" and "Decoder". Used to represent both sides of a digital audio compression technology, i.e. both the ?compression? and the ?decompression? stage. A codec converts uncompressed wav files into encoded, compressed data for ease of storage and transmission. The Codec also decodes the data for playback.

Compression

Algorithmic process by which files can be reduced in size for storage purposes. An algorithm which systematically removes 'bits' of the data from the original digital file. The greater the compression, the smaller the bandwidth required to transmit the signal.

Content Document

The XHTML Content Document component of a DAISY book which is generated from the original XHTML source document in LpStudio/. The text elements of this document are synchronized to the audio via the SMIL files which are created during project generation. During production in LpStudio/Pro the content document is displayed on the Record screens (Simple and Advanced).

CSS

Acronym for Cascading Style Sheet. A standard that provides formatting control over elements using information contained within style tags and style attributes. Less powerful than XSL (Extensive Stylesheet Language).